{"id":7984,"date":"2026-01-31T18:44:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T18:44:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/?p=7984"},"modified":"2026-02-02T15:52:27","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T15:52:27","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b2%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/?p=7984","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064619\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645: “dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais- berb\u00e8re” \u0633\u0646\u0629 1844\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 Brosselard Charles \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644. \u0645\u0631<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645: “Essai de dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais- kabyl” \u0633\u0646\u0629 1873 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647babtiste Creusate\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Jean.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a (1777-1861) Jacques-Denis Delaporte)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631”sp\u00e9cimen de la langue berb\u00e8re” \u0633\u0646\u0629 1844\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 “\u062a\u0627\u0634\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062a” \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645: “dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais-berb\u00e8re”\u00a0 1920\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 : “Loqman berb\u00e8re et quatre glossaire” \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1890\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n

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– \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645: arabe-kabyile et fran\u00e7ais chaoui ” (4) \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633” \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629” \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 Le P.G. Houyghe \u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 ”\u00a0le\u00a0Dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais-tachelh\u2019it et tamazir\u2019t\u00a0<\/em>“\u00a0said sid <\/em>\u00a0<\/em>Kaoui<\/em> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00a0(5).<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628”\u00a0Loqman berb\u00e8re et quatre glossaire” \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a 1890.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u064a Samuel biarnay (1918-1879):<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00abEtude sur les dialectes berb\u00e8res du Rif\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 \u00abEtude sur le dialecte berb\u00e8re du Ouargla\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “contes populaire berb\u00e8re ” (6)\u060c \u0627\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 ” \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1886 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u00a0Ren\u00e9 Basset\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “contes berb\u00e8res du Maroc” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “contes populaire de la kabylie de djardjoura” J. Rivi\u00e8re \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1882\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 “\u062f\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0629”\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “r\u00e9cits contes et l\u00e9gendes berb\u00e8res dans le parler des Beni-Mtir” \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u060c Ars\u00e8ne Roux \u0633\u0646\u0629 1942.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a: “contes berb\u00e8res du Maroc”..<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a “essai sur la litt\u00e9rature berb\u00e8re”\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 Leo Frobenius (1873-1938) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644 ” contes kabyles”\u061b \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u00a0Lacoste-Dujardin Camille \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “kabyle, \u00e9tude ethnologique conte” . \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648” \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u062d”:<\/p>\n

“Manuel de berb\u00e8re marocain (dialecte chleuh) .(7) ”<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1908 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Textes berb\u00e8res en ” dialecte de l\u2019Atlas marocain” (8)\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0646:<\/p>\n

” \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629” (9).<\/p>\n

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    \n
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  • \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0648\u0633: “\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a”.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646 “Leyde” \u0628\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 (11) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629..<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a ” \u0635 186- 187\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0632\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n
    • \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      – dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais-berb\u00e8re\u060c (dialecte \u00e9crit et parl\u00e9 par les Kabailes de la division d\u2019Alger), Paris, imprimerie royale, ann\u00e9e 1844.<\/p>\n

      –\u00a0 dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais- tamahiqt, (langue de Touarg), imprimerie \u2013 libraire de l\u2019acad\u00e9mie, 1894,\u00a0\u00a0 Alger.<\/p>\n

      – <\/em>said sid Kaoui, <\/em>le\u00a0<\/em>d<\/em>ictionnaire fran\u00e7ais-tachelh\u2019it et tamazir\u2019t<\/em>,<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>Ernest \u00a0Leroux \u2013 \u00e9diteur, Paris<\/em> 190<\/em>7<\/em>.<\/em><\/p>\n

      -3 \u00a0Said Boulifa, Textes berb\u00e8res en dialecte de l\u2019Atlas marocain, Paris, Ernest Leroux- \u00e9diteur, 1908.<\/p>\n

      4- Le P.G. Houyghe. Alger, imprimeur- libraire de l\u2019acad\u00e9mie, 1907.<\/p>\n

      5- Jean Hanorate Delaporte\u060c vocabulaire berb\u00e8re\u060cjournal asiatique F\u00e9vrier1836.<\/p>\n

      6- Ren\u00e9 Basset, contes populaire berb\u00e8re , Ernest Leroux \u2013 \u00e9diteur, Paris, 1887.<\/p>\n

      7- capitaine Justinard, Manuel de berb\u00e8re marocain ( dialecte chleuh), librairie orientale et am\u00e9ricaine, E. Guilmoto \u2013 \u00e9diteur, Paris 1916.<\/p>\n

      8- Textes berb\u00e8res en dialecte de l\u2019Atlas marocain”, Said Boulifa, Paris, Ernest Leroux \u2013 \u00e9diteur, 1908.<\/p>\n

      9- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628”\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0632\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635 44.<\/p>\n

      10- \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 ” \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631” \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c 2013.<\/p>\n

      11- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a: \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647” \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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