{"id":9360,"date":"2026-05-31T20:00:10","date_gmt":"2026-05-31T20:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/?p=9360"},"modified":"2026-05-29T21:13:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T21:13:00","slug":"9360","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/?p=9360","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><div class=\"box shadow  aligncenter\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"fa tie-shortcode-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<span style=\"color: #018288;\"><strong> \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-9364\" src=\"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a-205x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"205\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a-205x300.jpg 205w, https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a.jpg 645w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #018288;\"><strong>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #018288;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a *<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #018288;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062e\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f21\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2008.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u06312014.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0643\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2006.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1986.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2008.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2004.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1996.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2002.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c 2010\u060c<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 33\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 9\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0641 2020.<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\/\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639 21\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635 106<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 115-116<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 16.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> : \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627) \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00bb \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u063a\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f) \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f5\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1994\u060c \u0635 99\/106.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 16-17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 34-35<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 35<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 35.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 35<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063535.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> : \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641:<\/p>\n<p>Pavel, Thomas, La pens\u00e9e du roman, Paris : \u00c9ditions Gallimard, 2003<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> : \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p>Jablonka, Ivan, L&#8217;Histoire est une litt\u00e9rature, Paris : \u00c9ditions du Seuil, 2014<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> : \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>Carrard, Philippe, Hayden White : L&#8217;Histoire s&#8217;\u00e9crit, Paris : \u00c9ditions de la Sorbonne, 2017<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> : \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c 2008.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 35. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 1\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2012).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> : \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2026\u060c \u0635 8.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 82. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a: \u0635 184<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 85<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 89. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0634\u0641: \u0635 190)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 .83<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 87.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 91. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632: \u0635 81\/83.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 92-93. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632: \u0635 95<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 196.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 82. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0635 84.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> : \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 (Paul Ric\u0153ur)\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629&#8221;. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629) \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 85<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> : \u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0643. \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635 297.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> : \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629: \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0643\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u063525<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 83. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0635 89-90)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 87<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> : \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 91. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621: \u0635 95<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 92-93.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0632\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635 114.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> : \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 81\u060c 94\u060c \u064896.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> : \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635 45. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 82 \u0648\u0635 84<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> : \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u06371\u060c 1986\u060c \u0635 124. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u062d\u0632\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 85-86<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\">[39]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 83. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u063a\u0631: \u0635 89-90<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\">[40]<\/a> : \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 91. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0632: \u0635 95.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\">[41]<\/a> : \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c 2006\u060c \u0635 172. (\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0638\u064a: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 88 \u0648\u0635 92<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\">[42]<\/a> : \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a: 81\u060c 94 \u064896.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #018288;\"><strong>\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a * &nbsp; \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u062e\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f&#8220;\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0642 &#8220;\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064d \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,193,6,194],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-33","category-193","category-6","category-194"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9360"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9362,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9360\/revisions\/9362"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/madaratealthakafia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}